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Monument at the Plassey battlefield, Nadia |
The
Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British
East India Company over the
Nawab of Bengal and his
French allies on 23 June 1757. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in
Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of
India over the next hundred years.
The battle took place at
Palashi (Anglicised version:
Plassey) on the banks of the
Bhagirathi River, about 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of
Calcutta and south of
Murshidabad, then capital of
Bengal (now in
Nadia district in
West Bengal). The belligerents were the Nawab
Siraj-ud-daulah, the last independent
Nawab of Bengal, and the British East India Company. Siraj-ud-daulah had become the Nawab of Bengal the year before, and he ordered the English to stop the extension of their fortification.
Robert Clive bribed
Mir Jafar, the commander in chief of the Nawab's army, and also promised him to make him Nawab of Bengal. He defeated the Nawab at Plassey in 1757 and captured Calcutta.
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Siraj ud-Daulah |
The battle was preceded by the attack on British-controlled Calcutta by Nawab Siraj-ud-daulah and the
Black Hole massacre. The British sent reinforcements under Colonel Robert Clive and Admiral
Charles Watson from Madras to Bengal and recaptured Calcutta. Clive then seized the initiative to
capture the French fort of
Chandernagar. Tensions and suspicions between Siraj-ud-daulah and the British culminated in the Battle of Plassey. The battle was waged during the
Seven Years' War (1756–63), and, in a mirror of their European rivalry, the
French East India Company (La Compagnie des Indes Orientales) sent a small contingent to fight against the British. Siraj-ud-Daulah had a numerically superior force and made his stand at Plassey. The British, worried about being outnumbered, formed a conspiracy with Siraj-ud-Daulah's demoted army chief Mir Jafar, along with others such as Yar Lutuf Khan,
Jagat Seths (Mahtab Chand and Swarup Chand), Omichund and Rai Durlabh. Mir Jafar, Rai Durlabh and Yar Lutuf Khan thus assembled their troops near the battlefield but made no move to actually join the battle. Siraj-ud-Daulah's army with 50,000 soldiers, 40 cannons and 10
war elephants was defeated by 3,000 soldiers of Col. Robert Clive, owing to the flight of Siraj-ud-daulah from the battlefield and the inactivity of the conspirators. The battle was ended in 11 hours.
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Statue of Siraj. Palashi battlefiel. Nadia |
This is judged to be one of the pivotal battles in the control of
Indian subcontinent by the colonial powers. The British now wielded enormous influence over the Nawab and consequently acquired significant concessions for previous losses and revenue from trade. The British further used this revenue to increase their military might and push the other European colonial powers such as the
Dutch and the
French out of South Asia, thus expanding the
British Empire.
Source: Wikipedia
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Plassey Monument in the battlefield |
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Obelisks of Mirmadan, Nabe Singh Hajari & Bahadur Khan near palashi battlefield. Nadia |
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A plan of the Battle of Plassey, fought 23 June 1757 by Col. Robert Clive, against the Nawab of Bengal.
Depiction of the battlefield, with explanations of troop movements. |
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Clive meets Mir Jaffir after the Battle of Plassey 23rd June 1757 |
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English guns at The battle of Plassey, June 23, 1757 |
The Nawab's artillery on movable platform. A large stage, raised six feet from the ground, carrying besides the cannon, all the ammunition belonging to it, and the gunners themselves who managed the cannon, on the stage itself. These machines were drawn by 40 or 50 yoke of white oxen, of the largest size, bred in the country of Purnea; and behind each cannon walked an elephant, trained to assist at difficult tugs, by shoving with his forehead against the hinder part of the carriage.
Photo Source: Collected from Internet
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